Decentration of Pupils
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Upwards |
Right Side: Mental retardation
Left Side: Pathology of the brain, accompanied by malacia
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Downwards |
Right Side – Increased intracranial pressure
Left Side: Encephalitis |
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Sample Course Level
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Inwards (Nasal) |
Right Side: Pathology of the lungs
Left Side: cardiac diseases, cardiac incompetence |
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Upwards and inwards (upper Nasal) |
Right side: Hepatobiliary system disease
Left Side: Spleen disease, diaphragm aerophagia
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Sample Course Level
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Upwards and outwards (upper temporal) |
Nephritis, orchitis and salpingitis |
In the normal state, pupils are situated in the center
of the iris or are slightly shifted inwards and downwards. Such location
is conditioned on the balanced interaction between the sympathetic and
parasympathetic components of the pupil-motor system. In case of long-term
and stable changes in the organs, and, consequently, occurring viscero-iridal
impulses, the injury of neuro-muscular elements of the iris is developing.
Fragmentary weakening and elimination of adrenergic mechanism functions
leads to the violation of the relationship between sphincter and dilator
and 'pulling' of a pupil. In so doing, neither its circle nor the autonomous
wreath are deformed. Decentration is considered to be significant for
making diagnosis if the deviation of pupil center from iris center is
more than 3 %.
The most accepted iridological interpretation of decentrations
was given by R.Bourdiol (1975).