“PupilMetrics Research” and “PupilMetrics Neuro” implements Professor Bryan K. Marcia’s clinical and historical research protocols.
Core Algorithm Components
- Iris Detection
- Uses grayscale image processing to locate the iris boundary
- Employs a circle-scoring algorithm that searches for the strongest edge gradient
- Two-pass detection: coarse search followed by fine refinement
- Returns center coordinates, radius, and confidence score
- Pupil Detection
- Searches within the inner portion of the detected iris
- Uses adaptive thresholding based on the darkest 30% of pixels
- Fits an ellipse to the dark region using covariance matrix eigenvalue decomposition
- Extracts boundary points by ray-casting from center outward
- Returns center, major/minor axes, orientation angle, and boundary points
- Pupil Boundary Analysis
- Analyzes 72 boundary points (every 5 degrees) around the pupil edge
- Calculates deviation from the average radius at each clock position
- Groups deviations by clock hour (12 zones)
- Identifies flattenings (inward deviations) and protrusions (outward deviations)
- ANW (Autonomic Nerve Wreath) Detection (Current Phase)
- Searches for gradient changes between pupil edge and mid-iris
- Identifies the collarette boundary
- Calculates ANW ratio relative to iris diameter
- Algorithm updates include:
- SHIFTS (Drawing Out)
Which zone the collarette bulges toward
Clinical correlation based on Velhover - CONSTRICTIONS (Drawing In) Frontal zone constricted S: Middle-temporal shift. ← Drawing OUT (protrusion), S: Frontal and basal zones are constricted. ← Drawing IN (narrowing) (ML detected 78% of pathological cases!)
Basal zone constricted
Combined “Frontal and basal” pattern
Both in Same Eye
Correctly reports both when present
Matches Bexel output format exactly
What We Now Have:
ANW Ratio – Bexel-compatible calculation (25-35% normal)
ANW Form Type – Regular, Drawn In, Drawn Out
ANW Asymmetry – Per-sector variance detection
Zone Constrictions – “Frontal zone constricted” style reporting
Pattern Correlation – Compare pupil and ANW findings by sector
Key Measurements Produced
| Parameter | Description | Normal Range |
| P/I Ratio | Pupil diameter as % of iris diameter | 20-30% |
| Ellipseness | Minor/major axis ratio | >95% normal |
| Circularity | How circular the pupil boundary is | >95% normal |
| Decentralization | Pupil center offset from iris center | <5% normal |
| Deformation | Maximum boundary deviation | <5% normal |
| ANW Ratio | Autonomic nerve wreath position | 25-35% normal |
Clinical Interpretation Features
Pupil Form Types applied in Velchover system (PupilMetrics Neuro Version)
- Circle – Normal
- Oval-Vertical – Circulatory cerebral disturbances with danger of hemorrhage
- Oval-Horizontal – Depressive states, atherosclerosis, asthma predisposition
- Oval-Diagonal – Urogenital system disturbances
- Left Oblique Ellipse – Urogenital weakness, possible left side paralysis
- Unilateral Ellipse – Nervous asthma, bronchus difficulties
- Ventral Diverging Ellipse – Leg motility issues, nervous system disturbances
- Frontal Diverging Ellipse – Brain insult risk, anxiety, muscle spasms
Decentration Patterns
- Frontal – Mental/cerebral issues
- Basal – Leg motility, nervous system
- Nasal – Lung pathology (right eye) / Cardiac issues (left eye)
- Temporal – Nephritis, orchitis, salpingitis
- Middle-Nasal – Oxygen deficiency, cardiospastic risk
- Upper-Nasal – Mental disorders, spinal irritation
- And 8 more NEW machine learning directional patterns…
Zone-Specific Organ Associations
Each of the 8 pupil zones has specific organ associations for:
- Flattenings – Indicating hypofunction/weakness
- Protrusions – Indicating hyperfunction/irritation
Velhover’s Clinical Collarette Correlation Update 01.26.26
Shift Pattern
Eye
Clinical Association
Middle-temporal shift
OS (Left)
Left ventricle overload, cardiac
Lower temporal shift
Either
Vena cava inferior hemodynamics
Middle-nasal shift
Either
Vagus/stellate ganglion hypofunction
Basal shift
Either
Pelvic congestion, inflammatory diseases
Upper temporal shift
Either
Vertebro-basilar insufficiency
· Shifts (e.g., “S: Middle-temporal shift.”)
· Constrictions (e.g., “Frontal zone constricted”)
· Form Type (Regular, Drawn In, Indented, Lacerated)
· Ratio Status (Spastic/Normal/Atonic)
· Asymmetry % with Normal/Pathology label
· Findings list
Main Application Features
Analysis Screen
- Real-time eye validation before analysis
- Progress indicator during processing
- Displays all measurements with color-coded status
- Shows organ associations for detected anomalies
- Full descriptions for Pupil Form and Decentration Patterns
Reports Generated
- On-Screen Results – Interactive cards with expandable details
- TXT Report – Plain text with results section
- JSON Report – Structured data for integration/archival
- PDF Report – Professional formatted document with images
Additional Features
- Now available in eight languages EN,ES,PT,DE,FR,IT,KR,JP
- Age-based pupil size assessment
- Bilateral comparison between eyes
- Scan history with database storage
- PLR (Pupillary Light Reflex) video analysis
- Anisocoria detection with TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) indicator (Neuro-Version only)
Download and Install PupilMetrics Windows 64Bit Version
